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To examine the effects of tangeretin supplementation on body-composition and sports-performance indicators in female combat-sports athletes, and to evaluate its efficacy for simulated precompetition weight loss.
Thirty female combat-sports athletes (4 wrestlers, 3 boxers, 9 sanda athletes, 3 judokas, and 11 taekwondo athletes) were recruited. A paired, randomized, double-blind design was used. All 30 participants were first paired according to sport and competitive level, then randomly allocated to either a tangeretin group or a placebo group (15 per group). The 30-day intervention comprised a double-blind nutritional supplement, a dietary questionnaire, blood sampling and analysis, body-composition assessment, isokinetic muscle-strength testing, and aerobic-capacity testing, to evaluate the effects of tangeretin (400 mg/day) on performance and health-related outcomes. These outcomes included body-composition indicators (e.g. body-fat percentage, fat mass, lean-body mass), fat-distribution indicators (e.g. limb and regional fat mass, gynoid fat mass), glucose and lipid-metabolism indicators (e.g. LDL-C, total cholesterol, free fatty acids), hormone indicators (e.g. cortisol, testosterone), muscle-strength indicators (e.g. peak torque of hip, knee, and ankle flexors and extensors), and maximal-oxygen-uptake-derived indicators (e.g. VO2max heart rate, time to exhaustion). Statistical significance was assessed using two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
(1) Body weight: 80.0% of athletes in the tangeretin group lost weight to varying degrees, and 33.3% (5 athletes) reached their competition weight class. (2) Body fat: body-fat percentage in the tangeretin group decreased from 23.92 ± 0.87% to 22.92 ± 0.89%; trunk, upper-limb, lower-limb, and android-region fat mass decreased by 6.77%, 8.77%, 4.43%, and 8.09%, respectively. (3) Glucose and lipid metabolism: HDL-C increased by 8.86% (P = 0.002), whereas triglycerides decreased by 25.00% (P = 0.048). (4) Sports performance: peak torque during hip, knee, and ankle flexion and extension increased significantly in the tangeretin group. VO2max also improved from 42.80 ± 1.13 to 43.46 ± 1.32 ml/kg/min.
Tangeretin supplementation effectively reduced body weight and fat mass (both overall and regionally) in female combat-sports athletes. Among the participants, 80.0% lost weight to varying degrees, and 33.3% reached their competition weight class, indicating a strong effect on precompetition weight loss. Moreover, tangeretin improved aerobic capacity and lower-limb joint muscle strength, thereby enhancing competitive performance.
