Circulating tumour DNA and its clinical relevance in predicting progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with advanced breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Treatment strategies for advanced breast cancer (ABC) are rapidly evolving, but treatment decisions and monitoring remain dependent on imaging-based assessments. Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a minimally invasive biomarker with potential to provide real-time assessments, yet its clinical relevance in ABC has not been established. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the prognostic value of ctDNA in ABC.