Reabsorción ósea tras reducción abierta y fijación interna de fracturas de la cabeza condilar de la mandíbula: una revisión sistemática

Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) have been the widely used management technique for displaced mandibular condylar head fractures. However, postoperative bone remodeling remains a problem, and its relation to long-term joint function and clinical outcomes remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to critically analyze the degree of bone resorption after ORIF, identify causative factors, and determine the effect of resorption on functional rehabilitation. A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines based on retrospective clinical studies was conducted. Retrospective clinical studies utilizing CBCT or CT to evaluate postoperative volumetric alterations were included in the review. Clinical outcomes were measured using standardized indices like the Helkimo Index and maximal interincisal opening (MIO). Bone resorption ranged from minimal (mean 5.16%) to moderate (mean 15.29%), and the majority of these changes occurred within the first six months after surgery. Importantly, no close correlation was found between the extent of resorption and clinical dysfunction. ORIF is associated with anticipated, clinically acceptable bone remodelling. Functional outcome remains satisfactory, supporting ORIF as a rational method of management for condylar head fractures.Received: 24th April 2025.Accepted: 1 st May 2026.Online publication: 28th September 2026.