Estrategias de tamizaje de lesiones cervicales precancerosas por virus del papiloma humano en América Latina

Most cervical cancer cases occur in low- and middle-income countries. The study therefore aimed to analyse the effectiveness of screening strategies for detecting human papillomavirus-related cervical precancerous lesions in women of childbearing age in Latin America. A systematic review guided by PRISMA 2020 was conducted in PubMed, SciELO and LILACS from 2018 to 2025, with a sample of 8 studies out of 128 records. A high prevalence of oncogenic genotypes was found; HPV-16/18 typing followed by cytology was more sensitive than cytology alone; genotyping with cytology saved 30.7%; and the pandemic reduced screening uptake. It was concluded that molecular strategies must be accompanied by action on social determinants.