A Systematic Review of Complement-Targeting Therapies for Geographic Atrophy: Insights into Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Gene-Based Approaches

Background/Objectives: Geographic atrophy (GA), an advanced form of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), causes irreversible central vision loss and has limited treatment options. Complement dysregulation plays a pivotal role in GA pathogenesis. This systematic review synthesizes the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of approved and investigational complement-targeting therapies, alongside emerging drug delivery systems and gene-based approaches.