Epidemic Trends and Associated Factors of the Double Burden of Malnutrition Among Children and Adolescents in Xizang: Based on Five Cross-Sectional Surveys from 2019 to 2024

Introduction

The population-level double burden of malnutrition (DBM), characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition, presents a complex public health challenge. Xizang (Tibet), with its extreme high-altitude geography, rapid economic growth, and targeted school health policies, offers a unique context for nutritional transition, yet large-scale, repeated studies on the region’s DBM trends and multi-level associated factors remain scarce.