Prediction of Spinal Pain Intensity from Perception-Dependent Stimulation Thresholds and Patient Characteristics: A Regression and Machine Learning Approach

Background and Objective: Spinal pain is highly prevalent, yet clinically accessible tools for pain quantification remain limited. This study evaluated whether machine learning (ML) algorithms using StimaWELL 120MTRS-derived scores alongside demographic variables can predict self-reported spinal pain intensity and compared their performance against linear mixed model (LMM)-based associations.

Methods