Premature Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in a Middle Eastern Cohort: A Risk-Accumulation Perspective on Shared Determinants and Temporal Exposure Patterns

Background

Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) represents a growing clinical and public health concern, particularly in regions with a high burden of modifiable risk factors. Whether premature ASCVD reflects a distinct pathophysiological entity or an earlier manifestation of shared risk exposures remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to characterize the clinical profile of premature ASCVD and to examine its relationship with conventional cardiovascular risk factors within a Middle Eastern cohort.