Mediterranean Diet Adherence Tools in Post-Treatment Breast Cancer Survivors: A Scoping Review of Measurement Approaches and Associated Outcomes

Background

Nutrition is an important yet underexplored determinant of cancer survivorship outcomes. Emerging evidence suggests that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedD) is associated with improved health status, enhanced quality of life (QoL), and reduced mortality. However, evidence specifically targeting post-treatment breast cancer survivors remains limited, and substantial heterogeneity in MedD scoring tools and adherence thresholds restricts comparability across studies. This review aimed to (i) identify and characterise the tools used to assess MedD adherence in breast cancer survivors following completion of active treatment, including their components, scoring systems, and adherence thresholds; and (ii) map the range of health outcomes that have been examined in relation to MedD adherence in this population.