Prostaglandin E2 in Brain Inflammation: Roles and Dynamics

Background/Objectives: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a known inflammatory mediator. It is produced by cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/2 during inflammation via four distinct G protein-coupled receptors (EP1–EP4). PGE2 is involved in the development of brain diseases induced by acute and chronic stresses, although the mechanisms regulating PGE2 concentration remain unclear. This review summarizes the mechanisms in relation to the activity of PGE2, focusing on membrane transporters in neuroinflammation and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Methodology: A literature search was conducted using the PubMed database to evaluate the roles and dynamics of PGE2 in the central nervous system (CNS) under acute and chronic stress conditions.