Simulation-based education in cardiovascular residency training: A bibliometric analysis (2007–2025)

Objective This study characterizes the knowledge structure and practice-oriented evolution of simulation-based education (SBE) in cardiovascular residency training, identifies research gaps and emerging themes, and informs future research design. Methods Studies from 2007 to 2025 regarding the application of SBE in cardiovascular medicine residency training published in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) journals were retrieved. Bibliometric methods and knowledge mapping visualization techniques were then applied using R4.3.3, VOSviewer, Scimago Graphic, and CiteSpace software. A quantitative analysis and visual presentation of the overall research landscape in this field were conducted using the annual publication count, cumulative publications, author impact, collaboration networks, co-citations, international collaborations, research hotspot analyses, and development trends. Results After screening, 218 publications were included (196 original studies and 22 reviews). Publication output showed a sustained upward trend from 2007 to 2025, with an annual growth rate of 6.68%. As of the citation cutoff date of January 20, 2026, the included publications contained 6,809 references, with an average of 24.01 citations per article. The international co-authorship rate reached 26.15%, and collaboration patterns formed distinct clusters. Keyword clustering analysis identified eight keyword clusters: atherosclerosis, skills, coronary angiography, patient simulation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, information technology, cardiac auscultation and residency programs. Burst detection showed emergency cardiovascular care had the highest burst intensity, while congenital heart disease (CHD) remained in the burst period. Conclusion The research scope of SBE in cardiovascular residency training continues to expand, with investigations centered on three major domains: clinical skills training, pathogenesis and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, and the application of advanced information technologies. Emergency cardiovascular care and CHD remain core research directions within this field. These findings inform future work to develop competency-based simulation modules, establish standardized cases and assessment tools for multicenter use, and adopt longitudinal trainee outcome evaluation to improve curricula.