Biliary Stone Extraction via Hepaticoenterostomy in Patients with Surgically Altered Anatomy or Inaccessible Papilla: A Multicenter Retrospective Study

Background and aims: EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD), which is recommended as an alternative to ERCP for treating malignant bile duct obstruction, is increasingly applied for benign biliary diseases. This study evaluated the success and complication rates associated with stone extraction via EUS-hepaticoenterostomy (hepaticogastrostomy (HGS) or hepaticojejunostomy (HJS)).

Methods