Potential Molecular Links Between Benzophenone-3 and Breast Cancer: Network Toxicology, Machine Learning, Molecular Modeling, and Gene Expression Validation

Purpose

Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is a widely used ultraviolet filter with potential carcinogenic concern, but its molecular link with breast cancer remains unclear. This study aimed to identify candidate targets and potential molecular links between BP-3 and breast cancer using toxicological prediction, machine learning, molecular modeling, and gene expression analysis.