Exploring gut microbiome dysbiosis in vasculitis in adults: a systematic review

Although studies have confirmed that disruptions in the gut microbiota (dysbiosis) contribute to the development of autoimmune disorders, the precise pathways through which the gut microbiota influences the onset and progression of vasculitis remain largely unknown. In recent years, research has increasingly concentrated on assessing the contribution of the gut microbiota to vasculitis. This systematic study sought to assess the dominant gut microbiota profiles in vasculitis patients and compare them to those of healthy individuals.

The Cochrane methodology was used to design and conduct the present systematic review. Relevant articles published up to May 2025 were searched and collected from four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. The keywords used in the search included "vasculitis," "Takayasu arteritis," "giant cell arteritis," "polyarteritis nodosa," "microscopic polyangiitis," "granulomatosis with polyangiitis," "eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis," "cryoglobulinemic vasculitis," "IgA vasculitis," "variable vessel vasculitis," "Behçet's disease," and "Cogan's syndrome" alongside phrases like "gut microbiome," "gut microbiota," and "gut flora."