Target Versus Modified-Standard Fortification of Human Milk and Growth of Very Low Birth Weight Infants: A Double-Blind Randomized Trial

Background/Objectives: Individualized ("target") fortification of human milk is promoted to improve growth and subsequent neurodevelopment in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, because standard fortifiers may not provide sufficient protein given the considerable intra- and interindividual variability of human-milk composition. We compared modified-standard fortification (MSF), an optimized high-protein standard regimen, with high-protein target fortification (TFO).