Emergence of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST5994, a sister lineage of the high-risk ST307 clone

Introduction

Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-KP) represents a major public health threat. The global dissemination of antimicrobial resistance is largely driven by high-risk clones (HRCs), such as ST307/OXA-48, ST11/OXA-48 and ST512/KPC-3, which currently dominate the epidemiology of CP-KP in Spain. This study aimed to describe the emergence, dissemination and genomic evolution of an OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae ST5994 clone in Cantabria, Spain, and to characterize its genomic, phenotypic and epidemiological features.