Effects of anti-inflammatory dietary education on sleep disturbances among patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy: A randomized controlled trial

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of anti-inflammatory dietary education on sleep disturbances and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

A total of 132 patients with sleep disturbances were randomized to receive either a 12-week anti-inflammatory dietary education program based on the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) or usual care. Sleep disturbances were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at baseline and at 12 weeks. Additional outcomes included inflammatory biomarkers, E-DII scores, and quality of life (QoL). Treatment effects on continuous outcomes were evaluated using linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) under the intention-to-treat principle. The proportions of participants with sleep disturbance (PSQI ≥ 8) at 12 weeks were compared between groups using a completer analysis.