Maternal and fetal outcomes of spinal tuberculosis in pregnancy: A systematic review and descriptive pooled analysis

Spinal tuberculosis (TB) in pregnancy is rare and poses diagnostic, neurological, and obstetric challenges. Data are limited to isolated case reports and small series, precluding evidence-based guidance on management and outcomes. This review aims to systematically review reported cases of spinal TB in pregnancy, summarize maternal and fetal outcomes, and perform a descriptive pooled synthesis of reported live births and maternal neurological recovery.