Annexin A6 Interacts with Newcastle Disease Virus Matrix Protein and Is Associated with Reduced Viral Replication in DF-1 Cells

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) incurs substantial economic losses within the global poultry industry. The matrix (M) protein of NDV is integral to viral replication. In this study, we examined the interaction between the NDV M protein and annexin A6 (AnxA6) in DF-1 cells. Our findings revealed that AnxA6 associates with the C-terminus of the NDV M protein, predominantly within the cytoplasm. Functional analyses indicated that the knockdown of AnxA6 expression significantly enhanced NDV replication, whereas the overexpression of AnxA6 inhibited viral replication. Taken together, these findings suggest that AnxA6 may function as a negative regulator of NDV replication in this cell culture model, potentially through its interaction with the M protein. This study offers new insights into the intricate relationship between viral proteins and host factors in NDV infection and suggests that AnxA6 may serve as a potential target for further investigation. Further research is necessary to elucidate the detailed mechanisms governing the AnxA6-M protein interaction.